Superspeedways

1. Oval Superspeedways
2. Nr2003 Superspeedways
3. Superspeedways In Nascar

Auburn Pilot/Wikimedia Commons/Public Domain. Talladega is the longest racetrack on the NASCAR Sprint Cup schedule. This 2.66-mile high-banked oval is one of two racetracks on the circuit that requires the use of restrictor plates to keep the speeds under control. Middle Tennessee's first NASCAR Cup Series race in nearly four decades will be the #Ally400 on Sunday, June 20 - Father's Day 2021! See below for a list of race tracks used by NASCAR Sprint Cup racing. Under each track is the length of the track, the location (city in parenthesis), and the number of seats. Reduction in size of throttle body from 59/64' to 57/64' (superspeedways only). Probst: 'When you look at the goal of slowing the cars down, obviously the restriction from 59/64' to 57/64.

A few months ago, the entire NASCAR community was forced to hold its collective breath for hours as it awaited word on the condition of Ryan Newman.

After a last-lap Daytona 500 crash that sent his No. 6 Ford Mustang tumbling down the frontstretch, Newman was silent on his radio, eventually removed from the car by track officials and taken to a nearby hospital. Twenty-year-old memories inevitably entered the minds of those who remember the day Dale Earnhardt was killed in a last-lap crash in the 2001 Daytona 500.

Newman survived the accident thanks to the endless work NASCAR has done since Earnhardt's wreck to improve the safety of its cars. But another close call meant more improvements needed to be made. Hence the rule changes that are being implemented for Sunday's race at Talladega, the first at a superspeedway since the Daytona 500 in February.

MORE: Fox finally airs audio of the Newman crash

NASCAR, which conducted an investigation into the physics of Newman's crash at Daytona, implemented the new rules in a May 1 technical bulletin, but most of them apply for the first time this week at Talladega. Primarily, the idea is to slow down the cars at these 2.5-mile monsters of race tracks to prevent them from flipping the way Newman's did after contact with the wall.

Below are the changes with the new rules package, followed by explanations of each each.

New NASCAR rules package at Talladega

• Addition of a lower main roll bar support bar #20 / intrusion plate and upper main roll bar support bar #21 (mandatory superspeedways, optional elsewhere).
• Elimination of aero ducts at superspeedway tracks.
• Reduction in size of throttle body from 59/64' to 57/64' (superspeedways only).
• Updated roll bar padding specifications (mandatory at all tracks beginning June 1).
• Oil reservoir tank or overflow expansion tank must contain a check valve (mandatory at all tracks beginning with Talladega).
• Slip tape must be applied along the entire length of the lower rearward facing surfaces of the rear bumper cover and extension (superspeedways only).

The following explanations of the rule changes are from NASCAR senior VP of innovation and racing development John Probst and senior director of safety engineering John Patalak. Both spoke with media during a recent teleconference.

• Addition of a lower main roll bar support bar #20 / intrusion plate and upper main roll bar support bar #21 (mandatory superspeedways, optional elsewhere).

Probst: 'With respect to the 6 car investigation. ... These bars, located on the driver's side, connecting the main roll hoop to either the rear down bars, which are the 13 bars, and also to the rear subframe. The rear subframe bar also has a plate that was added, 85 thousandths of an inch thick.

Patalak: 'The Earnhardt bar existed before this update. What was added is referred to as the 12A bar, center roof support bar. That was similar to one of those bars that helps support the roof.'

• Elimination of aero ducts at superspeedway tracks.

Oval Superspeedways

Probst: 'The elimination of the aero ducts at the superspeedway tracks were removed to try to mitigate the likelihood that cars could tandem draft. Then also the reduction of the power would likely reduce the likelihood of tandem as well.

Patalak: 'I would say that this should eliminate (tandem drafting). I also know (teams) will all be working to try and get back to some form of it. I think with the reduction in power, the aero ducts going away, that will make sort of a smaller hole, if you will, that should make it much more difficult to get into that configuration.'

MORE: Ryan Newman's recovery timeline, from Daytona crash to NASCAR return at Darlington

• Reduction in size of throttle body from 59/64' to 57/64' (superspeedways only).

Probst: 'When you look at the goal of slowing the cars down, obviously the restriction from 59/64' to 57/64' is an expected horsepower loss of somewhere between 35 and 40 horsepower, which general rule of thumb the teams use is 30 horsepower per second. With the 40 horsepower, we'd expect the cars to slow down by over a second compared to what they would have run.'

Patalak: 'I would say that slowing the cars down surely should and would help from an aero liftoff standpoint. I would say our findings from the Ryan Newman crash, his liftoff was not due to an aero event but from him getting into the wall. The idea there is reducing the speeds of the car, slowing them down. We would expect speeds under the 200 mile-an-hour barrier here. So from that standpoint slowing the cars down, keep from having as violent wrecks.'

Nr2003 Superspeedways

Probst: '(A) larger (spoiler) wasn't really a good option. The more direct knob for us to turn to slow the cars down is directly to the horsepower. So we have worked with the engine builders on this front. The most direct way to slow them down is with horsepower.'

Patalak: 'In general, when we can slow the speeds down, it's going to be of benefit for the crash itself, for the driver in the car. It will also affect the loads on the vehicle and how the SAFER barrier responds. Directionally it's the right way to go.'

• Updated roll bar padding specifications (mandatory at all tracks beginning June 1).

Probst: 'The key there is we didn't really do anything but ensure that the existing roll bar padding as it can be purchased from all of the vendors is used in the form it is purchased and not modified in any way.'

• Oil reservoir tank or overflow expansion tank must contain a check valve (mandatory at all tracks beginning with Talladega).

Probst: 'One of the items seen post (Newman) incident was the fluid coming out of the trunk which was confirmed to be oil. Those fixes are intended to mitigate the loss of oil in that situation when the car is upside down.'

Superspeedways In Nascar

• Slip tape must be applied along the entire length of the lower rearward facing surfaces of the rear bumper cover and extension (superspeedways only).

Probst: 'The idea there would be if they are tandem drafting or bump-drafting to minimize the ability of one car to upset the balance of another. It won't eliminate it, but should be a mitigating part. ...

'The thought behind the slip tape to the rear bumper, when one car makes contact with the rear bumper of the other, there probably are two main ways for that to transmit a load into the bumper of the other car and destabilize it. One would be the friction between the nose of the car hitting and the tail of the car being hit. The idea there is that the slip tape would mitigate that mechanism of load transfer, for lack of a better term. ...

'The way the slip tape works, it reduces the friction between the two surfaces. It would also be like ice. We're trying to make the rear bumper of the car being hit like ice, where they slide across, don't contact and start influencing the car in front laterally, left to right, if you will.'

• Addition of a lower main roll bar support bar #20 / intrusion plate and upper main roll bar support bar #21 (mandatory superspeedways, optional elsewhere).
• Elimination of aero ducts at superspeedway tracks.
• Reduction in size of throttle body from 59/64' to 57/64' (superspeedways only).
• Updated roll bar padding specifications (mandatory at all tracks beginning June 1).
• Oil reservoir tank or overflow expansion tank must contain a check valve (mandatory at all tracks beginning with Talladega).
• Slip tape must be applied along the entire length of the lower rearward facing surfaces of the rear bumper cover and extension (superspeedways only).

The following explanations of the rule changes are from NASCAR senior VP of innovation and racing development John Probst and senior director of safety engineering John Patalak. Both spoke with media during a recent teleconference.

• Addition of a lower main roll bar support bar #20 / intrusion plate and upper main roll bar support bar #21 (mandatory superspeedways, optional elsewhere).

Probst: 'With respect to the 6 car investigation. ... These bars, located on the driver's side, connecting the main roll hoop to either the rear down bars, which are the 13 bars, and also to the rear subframe. The rear subframe bar also has a plate that was added, 85 thousandths of an inch thick.

Patalak: 'The Earnhardt bar existed before this update. What was added is referred to as the 12A bar, center roof support bar. That was similar to one of those bars that helps support the roof.'

• Elimination of aero ducts at superspeedway tracks.

Oval Superspeedways

Probst: 'The elimination of the aero ducts at the superspeedway tracks were removed to try to mitigate the likelihood that cars could tandem draft. Then also the reduction of the power would likely reduce the likelihood of tandem as well.

Patalak: 'I would say that this should eliminate (tandem drafting). I also know (teams) will all be working to try and get back to some form of it. I think with the reduction in power, the aero ducts going away, that will make sort of a smaller hole, if you will, that should make it much more difficult to get into that configuration.'

MORE: Ryan Newman's recovery timeline, from Daytona crash to NASCAR return at Darlington

• Reduction in size of throttle body from 59/64' to 57/64' (superspeedways only).

Probst: 'When you look at the goal of slowing the cars down, obviously the restriction from 59/64' to 57/64' is an expected horsepower loss of somewhere between 35 and 40 horsepower, which general rule of thumb the teams use is 30 horsepower per second. With the 40 horsepower, we'd expect the cars to slow down by over a second compared to what they would have run.'

Patalak: 'I would say that slowing the cars down surely should and would help from an aero liftoff standpoint. I would say our findings from the Ryan Newman crash, his liftoff was not due to an aero event but from him getting into the wall. The idea there is reducing the speeds of the car, slowing them down. We would expect speeds under the 200 mile-an-hour barrier here. So from that standpoint slowing the cars down, keep from having as violent wrecks.'

Nr2003 Superspeedways

Probst: '(A) larger (spoiler) wasn't really a good option. The more direct knob for us to turn to slow the cars down is directly to the horsepower. So we have worked with the engine builders on this front. The most direct way to slow them down is with horsepower.'

Patalak: 'In general, when we can slow the speeds down, it's going to be of benefit for the crash itself, for the driver in the car. It will also affect the loads on the vehicle and how the SAFER barrier responds. Directionally it's the right way to go.'

• Updated roll bar padding specifications (mandatory at all tracks beginning June 1).

Probst: 'The key there is we didn't really do anything but ensure that the existing roll bar padding as it can be purchased from all of the vendors is used in the form it is purchased and not modified in any way.'

• Oil reservoir tank or overflow expansion tank must contain a check valve (mandatory at all tracks beginning with Talladega).

Probst: 'One of the items seen post (Newman) incident was the fluid coming out of the trunk which was confirmed to be oil. Those fixes are intended to mitigate the loss of oil in that situation when the car is upside down.'

Superspeedways In Nascar

• Slip tape must be applied along the entire length of the lower rearward facing surfaces of the rear bumper cover and extension (superspeedways only).

Probst: 'The idea there would be if they are tandem drafting or bump-drafting to minimize the ability of one car to upset the balance of another. It won't eliminate it, but should be a mitigating part. ...

'The thought behind the slip tape to the rear bumper, when one car makes contact with the rear bumper of the other, there probably are two main ways for that to transmit a load into the bumper of the other car and destabilize it. One would be the friction between the nose of the car hitting and the tail of the car being hit. The idea there is that the slip tape would mitigate that mechanism of load transfer, for lack of a better term. ...

'The way the slip tape works, it reduces the friction between the two surfaces. It would also be like ice. We're trying to make the rear bumper of the car being hit like ice, where they slide across, don't contact and start influencing the car in front laterally, left to right, if you will.'